Study Terms


Chapter 2

  1. indentured servitude


Chapter 3

  1. the Atlantic slave trade
  2. the middle passage
  3. mercantilism
  4. the Navigation Acts
  5. vice-admiralty courts
  6. the Glorious Revolution

Chapter 4

  1. eighteenth-century colonial population growth
  2. the Enlightenment
  3. Two Treatises of Government
  4. the Stono Rebellion
  5. the New Jersey, Vermont, and Hudson River valley land riots
  6. the First Great Awakening
  7. Jonathan Edwards
  8. George Whitefield
  9. “New Lights” and “Old Lights

Chapter 5

  1. Albany Congress
  2. the Seven Years War
  3. Acadian deportation
  4. William Pitt
  5. Treaty of Paris (1763)
  6. the Proclamation of 1763
  7. George III
  8. George Grenville
  9. individual representation
  10. virtual representation
  11. the Real Whigs
  12. the Sugar Act
  13. the Currency Act
  14. the Stamp Act
  15. Patrick Henry
  16. the Sons of Liberty
  17. the Stamp Act Congress
  18. the Townshend Acts
  19. the nonimportation-nonconsumption movement of 1768–1770
  20. the Boston Massacre
  21. Committees of Correspondence
  22. the Boston Tea Party
  23. the Coercive (Intolerable) Acts
  24. the Quebec Act

Chapter 6

  1. the First Continental Congress
  2. loyalists
  3. the battles of Lexington and Concord
  4. the Battle of Breed’s (Bunker) Hill
  5. the Second Continental Congress
  6. George Washington
  7. Common Sense
  8. Thomas Jefferson
  9. the Declaration of Independence
  10. the New York and New Jersey campaigns
  11. the battles of Trenton and Princeton
  12. the Battle of Saratoga
  13. Benjamin Franklin
  14. the Franco-American alliance
  15. esprit de corps among officers of the Continental Army
  16. endemic diseases in the Continental Army
  17. the Battle of Yorktown
  18. the Newburgh Conspiracy
  19. the Treaty of Paris

Chapter 7

  1. self-sacrificing (“Adamsian”)republicanism
  2. economic (“Hamiltonian”) republicanism
  3. democratic (“Painean”) republicanism
  4. Life of Washington
  5. Gilbert Stuart, Charles Wilson Peale, and John Trumbull
  6. revolutionary ideology vs. slavery
  7. “the first emancipation”
  8. post-revolutionary racist theory
  9. Benjamin Banneker
  10. post-revolutionary state constitutions
  11. the Articles of Confederation
  12. the Northwest Ordinances
  13. Shays’s Rebellion
  14. the Constitutional Convention
  15. James Madison
  16. the principle of checks and balances
  17. the Virginia Plan
  18. the New Jersey Plan
  19. the three-fifths compromise
  20. the Constitution’s slave-trade clause and fugitive-slave clause
  21. the electoral college
  22. the separation of powers
  23. Federalists and Antifederalists
  24. The Federalist Papers

Chapter 8

  1. the Bill of Rights
  2. the Judiciary Act of 1789
  3. George Washington
  4. Alexander Hamilton
  5. assumption of state debts
  6. location of nation’s capital
  7. the Bank of the United States
  8. strict constructionist vs. broad constructionist
  9. the Whiskey Rebellion
  10. Democratic-Republicans
  11. Federalists
  12. Washington’s Proclamation of Neutrality
  13. the doctrine of executive privilege
  14. Washington’s Farewell Address
  15. the presidential election of 1796
  16. President John Adams
  17. the XYZ Affair
  18. the Quasi-War with France
  19. the Alien and Sedition Acts
  20. Virginia and Kentucky resolutions
  21. the election of 1800
  22. the Twelfth Amendment
  23. “midnight justices”

Chapter 9

  1. the “Revolution of 1800”
  2. President Thomas Jefferson
  3. Democratic-Republican frugality
  4. Federal District Judge John Pickering
  5. Supreme Court Justice Samuel Chase
  6. Chief Justice John Marshall
  7. Marbury v. Madison
  8. the theory of judicial review
  9. the Burr-Hamilton Duel
  10. the Louisiana Purchase
  11. the Burr conspiracy and trial
  12. the presidential election of 1804
  13. the impressment of American sailors
  14. the Non-Importation Act
  15. the Embargo Act
  16. the presidential and congressional elections of 1808
  17. the Non-Intercourse Act of 1809
  18. the War of 1812
  19. the War Hawks
  20. the invasion of Canada
  21. the British naval blockade
  22. the burning of Washington, D.C.
  23. the bombardment of Fort McHenry
  24. Andrew Jackson
  25. the Battle of Horseshoe Bend
  26. the Battle of New Orleans
  27. the Treaty of Ghent
  28. the Hartford Convention
  29. Madison’s nationalist program
  30. the Second Bank of the United States
  31. the Tariff of 1816
  32. the National Road
  33. the Erie Canal
  34. Robert Fulton
  35. the “Era of Good Feelings”
  36. McCullough v. Maryland
  37. John Quincy Adams
  38. the Monroe Doctrine
  39. the boom and bust cycle
  40. the Panic of 1819
  41. Missouri’s petition for statehood
  42. the Missouri Compromise

Chapter 10

  1. the cotton gin
  2. the “Cotton South”
  3. the “civilizing act” of 1819
  4. President James Monroe’s removal message of 1824
  5. the Cherokee renaissance
  6. Cherokee Nation v. Georgia
  7. Worcester v. Georgia
  8. the Removal Act of 1830
  9. the Trail of Tears
  10. the Second Seminole War
  11. Yeoman farmers
  12. landless white Southerners
  13. the planter class in the South
  14. the domestic slave trade

Chapter 11

  1. the American system of manufacturing
  2. the characteristics of factory work
  3. the pre-Civil War cotton textile industry
  4. boom and bust cycles
  5. the Panic of 1837
  6. urban growth
  7. the ideology of free labor
  8. 19th century immigration
  9. Nativism
  10. anti-Irish protests
  11. characteristics of a market society

Chapter 12

  1. the American Colonization Society
  2. William Lloyd Garrison
  3. The Liberator
  4. gradualists vs. immediatists
  5. the American Anti-Slavery Society
  6. the gag rule
  7. women abolitionists
  8. the Seneca Falls Declaration of Sentiments

Chapter 13

  1. Tejanos
  2. American empresarios
  3. Stephen Austin
  4. Battle of the Alamo
  5. the Lone Star Republic
  6. the California gold rush
  7. Manifest Destiny
  8. “Fifty-four Forty or Fight!”
  9. President James K. Polk
  10. the annexation of Texas

Chapter 14

  1. the Mexican War
  2. the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
  3. the Slave Power
  4. the Wilmot Proviso
  5. the ideal of free labor-free soil
  6. popular sovereignty
  7. the Free-Soil Party
  8. the Compromise of 1850
  9. the Fugitive Slave Act
  10. Uncle Tom’s Cabin
  11. the Underground Railroad
  12. personal-liberty laws
  13. Stephen A. Douglas
  14. the Kansas-Nebraska Act
  15. the American (Know-Nothing) Party
  16. “Free Soil, Free Labor, Free Men”
  17. Bleeding Kansas
  18. John Brown
  19. the Sumner-Brooks affair
  20. President James Buchanan
  21. the Dred Scott case
  22. the Panic of 1857
  23. John Brown’s raid on Harpers Ferry
  24. the presidential election of 1860
  25. the Crittenden Compromise
  26. the Confederate States of America
  27. the attack on Fort Sumter

Chapter 15

  1. Lincoln’s First Inaugural Address
  2. the first Battle of Bull Run
  3. General George McClellan
  4. the Anaconda plan
  5. the Union naval campaign
  6. Battle of Antietam (Sharpsburg)
  7. Jefferson Davis
  8. the Morrill Land Grant Act
  9. Homestead Act of 1862
  10. Lincoln’s use of presidential power
  11. Lincoln’s plan for gradual emancipation
  12. the Emancipation Proclamation
  13. African American soldiers in the Union army
  14. Ulysses S. Grant
  15. General Robert E. Lee
  16. the Battle of Vicksburg
  17. the Battle of Gettysburg
  18. the Gettysburg Address
  19. Copperheads
  20. New York City draft riot
  21. the presidential election of 1864
  22. Sherman’s southern campaign
  23. Appomattox Court House
  24. Lincoln's Second Inaugural Address
  25. John Wilkes Booth

Chapter 16

  1. Radical Republicans
  2. Thaddeus Stevens and Charles Sumner
  3. the Thirteenth Amendment
  4. the Freedmen’s Bureau
  5. the sharecropping system
  6. President Andrew Johnson
  7. Johnson’s Reconstruction plan
  8. the black codes
  9. the Civil Rights Bill of 1866
  10. the Fourteenth Amendment
  11. the Tenure of Office Act
  12. Johnson’s impeachment trial
  13. the presidential election of 1868
  14. President Ulysses S. Grant
  15. the Fifteenth Amendment
  16. the charge of “Negro rule” in the South
  17. “carpetbaggers”
  18. “scalawags”
  19. the Ku Klux Klan
  20. the Civil Rights Act of 1875
  21. Ex parte Milligan
  22. the Slaughter-House cases
  23. the presidential election of 1876

Chapter 17

  1. Frederick Jackson Turner’s “Frontier Thesis”   

Chapter 18

  1. Thomas Edison    
  2. Henry Ford        
  3. mass production and the assembly line    
  4. Frederick W. Taylor    
  5. Child Labor        
  6. the Knights of Labor    
  7. the Haymarket riot    
  8. the American Federation of Labor    
  9. John Rockefeller
  10. trusts
  11. vertical integration and horizontal integration
  12. Social Darwinism
  13. the principle of laissez-faire

Chapter 19

  1. the "new immigration"


Chapter 20

  1. President Grover Cleveland
  2. “Rum, Romanism and Rebellion”
  3. “Ma, Ma, Where’s My Pa?”
  4. the poll tax
  5. the grandfather rule
  6. Plessy v. Ferguson    
  7. Jim Crow laws
  8. the Populist party
  9. the depression of the 1890’s
  10. free coinage of silver
  11. President William McKinley
  12. William Jennings Bryan

Chapter 21

  1. Muckrakers
  2. Progressive reformers
  3. Eugene Debs
  4. W.E.B. Dubois
  5. Booker T. Washington    
  6. the women's suffrage movement
  7. Theodore Roosevelt


Chapter 22

  1. expansionism versus imperialism
  2. the foreign policy elite
  3. the idea of a racial hierarchy
  4. the “male ethos” and imperialism
  5. Captain Alfred T. Mahan
  6. Turner’s frontier thesis
  7. the Hawaiian-annexation question
  8. the 1893 overthrow of the Hawaiian government
  9. the Cuban revolution
  10. "yellow journalism"
  11. the U.S.S. Maine
  12. the Spanish-American-Cuban-Filipino War
  13. Commodore George Dewey
  14. anti-imperialist arguments
  15. imperialist arguments
  16. Emilio Aguinaldo
  17. the Philippine insurrection
  18. the Open Door policy
  19. the Panama Canal
  20. the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine
  21. the Great White Fleet

Chapter 23

  1. the Lusitania
  2. the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
  3. President Wilson’s proclamation of neutrality
  4. neutral rights
  5. the submarine and international law
  6. unrestricted submarine warfare
  7. the Zimmermann telegram
  8. Wilson’s war message to Congress
  9. the Selective Service Act
  10. African-American enlistees in the military
  11. evaders, deserters, and conscientious objectors
  12. General John J. Pershing
  13. trench warfare and poison gas
  14. the American Expeditionary Force
  15. the Bolshevik Revolution
  16. Wilson’s Fourteen Points
  17. the War Industries Board
  18. African American migration (the "Great Migration")
  19. the Committee on Public Information
  20. the Espionage and Sedition Acts
  21. Eugene V. Debs
  22. Schenck v. United States
  23. the Red Scare
  24. the Boston police strike
  25. the steel strike of 1919
  26. the Palmer Raids
  27. the East St. Louis riot of 1917
  28. the Red Summer of 1919
  29. the Paris Peace Conference
  30. the principle of self-determination of peoples
  31. the mandate system
  32. the Balfour Declaration of 1917
  33. the League of Nations
  34. Article 10 of the League of Nations covenant
  35. the Treaty of Versailles
  36. the Lodge reservations
  37. collective security versus unilateralism

Chapter 24

  1. President Warren G. Harding
  2. Charles Forbes
  3. the Teapot Dome scandal
  4. President Calvin Coolidge
  5. the flapper
  6. automobile culture
  7. the revived Ku Klux Klan
  8. the National Origins Act of 1924 and 1927
  9. Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti
  10. the Scopes trial
  11. popular heroes of sports and film
  12. prohibition
  13. Al Capone
  14. the Lost Generation and postwar ennui
  15. the Harlem Renaissance
  16. the Jazz Age
  17. the 1928 presidential election
  18. President Herbert Hoover
  19. stock market speculation
  20. the stock market crash of 1929

Chapter 25

  1. the Dust Bowl
  2. Hoovervilles
  3. the Hawley-Smoot Tariff
  4. the Reconstruction Finance Corporation
  5. the Bonus Army
  6. President Franklin D. Roosevelt
  7. the 1932 presidential campaign and election
  8. the Twentieth Amendment to the Constitution
  9. the banking crisis
  10. Roosevelt’s first inaugural address
  11. national bank holiday
  12. the Emergency Banking Relief Bill
  13. Roosevelt’s fireside chats
  14. the First Hundred Days
  15. the National Industrial Recovery Act
  16. the National Recovery Administration
  17. the Agricultural Adjustment Act
  18. the Civilian Conservation Corps
  19. the Public Works Administration
  20. Father Charles Coughlin
  21. Dr. Francis E. Townsend
  22. Huey Long
  23. the Second New Deal
  24. the Works Progress Administration
  25. the Federal Theater, Federal Arts, and Federal Writers Projects
  26. the Social Security Act
  27. the Wealth Tax Act
  28. the 1936 presidential election
  29. the National Labor Relations (Wagner) Act
  30. the United Auto Workers’ strike of 1936
  31. the Tennessee Valley Authority
  32. Roosevelt’s court-packing plan
  33. NLRB v. Jones and Laughlin Steel Corp.
  34. the 1940 presidential election

Chapter 26

  1. diplomatic recognition of the Soviet Union
  2. the Spanish Civil War
  3. fascism
  4. the policy of appeasement
  5. the Munich Conference
  6. American isolationist sentiment
  7. the Nye Committee
  8. the Neutrality Acts of 1935, 1936, and 1937
  9. the voyage of the St. Louis
  10. the Nazi-Soviet (Hitler-Stalin) Pact
  11. the German invasion of Poland
  12. Japanese seizure of Manchuria
  13. Roosevelt’s quarantine speech
  14. the fall of France
  15. the destroyers-for-bases agreement
  16. the Selective Training and Service Act
  17. the Lend-Lease Act
  18. the Atlantic Charter
  19. Japanese occupation of French Indochina
  20. the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor

Chapter 27

  1. the Battle of Midway
  2. the “Europe first” strategy
  3. Winston Churchill
  4. Josef Stalin
  5. the second-front controversy
  6. the War Production Board
  7. wartime government-business interdependence
  8. the Manhattan Project
  9. the March on Washington Movement
  10. Executive Order No. 8802
  11. women’s wartime work
  12. Rosie the Riveter
  13. the no-strike/no-lockout pledge
  14. the National War Labor Board
  15. the Office of Price Administration
  16. the Office of War Information
  17. the internment of Japanese Americans
  18. Korematsu v. United States
  19. the Teheran Conference
  20. Operation Overlord
  21. "D-Day"
  22. the Battle of the Bulge
  23. the Yalta Conference
  24. Harry S. Truman
  25. the Potsdam Conference
  26. the “island-hop” strategy
  27. the battles of Iwo Jima and Okinawa
  28. the firebombing of Tokyo
  29. the Potsdam Declaration
  30. Hiroshima and Nagasaki

Chapter 28

  1. Churchill’s “Iron Curtain” speech  *
  2. the “long telegram”  *
  3. the Greek civil war  *
  4. the Truman Doctrine  *
  5. the containment doctrine  *
  6. the Marshall Plan  *
  7. the National Security Act of 1947
  8. the Berlin blockade and airlift
  9. the North Atlantic Treaty Organization
  10. the hydrogen bomb
  11. NSC-68
  12. Mao Zedong and the People’s Republic of China  *
  13. the Korean War  *
  14. General Douglas MacArthur
  15. the Inchon landing
  16. Chinese entry into the Korean War
  17. liberation, massive retaliation, deterrence and brinkmanship  *
  18. the domino theory  *
  19. President Eisenhower’s use of the CIA  *
  20. Sputnik and the missile race  *
  21. the U-2 incident  *
  22. the process of decolonization  *
  23. Fidel Castro and the Cuban Revolution  *
  24. Mohammed Mossadegh
  25. the Eisenhower Doctrine  *
  26. the Battle of Dien Bien Phu  *
  27. the Vietcong and the division of Vietnam  *

Chapter 29

  1. postwar inflation
  2. the GI Bill of Rights*
  3. the Taft-Hartley Act*
  4. the baby boom*
  5. the military-industrial complex
  6. the era of consensus
  7. Truman’s loyalty program*
  8. the House Committee on Un-American Activities (HUAC)*
  9. Senator Joseph McCarthy
  10. the Alger Hiss case
  11. Ethel and Julius Rosenberg
  12. the Army-McCarthy hearings*
  13. Jackie Robinson*
  14. Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka*
  15. Emmett Till
  16. White Citizens Councils
  17. the Little Rock crisis
  18. Rosa Parks*
  19. Rev. Martin Luther King, Jr.*
  20. the Montgomery bus boycott
  21. the Southern Christian Leadership Conference
  22. the Civil Rights Act of 1957
  23. rock ’n’ roll

Chapter 30

  1. President John F. Kennedy*
  2. President Richard Nixon*
  3. the presidential election of 1960*
  4. the Bay of Pigs invasion*
  5. "Operation Mongoose"*
  6. the Cuban missile crisis*
  7. the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee
  8. the Freedom Rides
  9. the Freedom Summer of 1964
  10. the March on Washington*
  11. the space program
  12. the assassination of John Kennedy*
  13. President Lyndon Johnson*
  14. the Great Society*
  15. the Civil Rights Act of 1964*
  16. Barry Goldwater*
  17. the Voting Rights Act of 1965*
  18. the War on Poverty*
  19. Medicare and Medicaid*
  20. the Tonkin Gulf Resolution*
  21. the Watts race riot of 1965*
  22. Stokely Carmichael
  23. Black Power
  24. the Black Panthers
  25. Students for a Democratic Society
  26. the youth culture of the 1960s
  27. Bob Dylan
  28. the counterculture*
  29. the Summer of Love
  30. the birth control pill*
  31. the Tet Offensive*
  32. the assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr.*
  33. the assassination of Robert Kennedy*
  34. the presidential election of 1968*

Chapter 31

  1. affirmative action
  2. the National Organization for Women
  3. the Equal Rights Amendment
  4. Title IX of the Higher Education Act
  5. Roe v. Wade
  6. the gay rights movement
  7. Vietnamization
  8. the invasion of Cambodia
  9. Kent State and Jackson State
  10. the My Lai Massacre
  11. the fall of Saigon
  12. Vietnam syndrome
  13. the War Powers Act of 1973
  14. détente
  15. Nixon’s China trip
  16. the OPEC oil embargo
  17. the Watergate cover-up and investigation*
  18. Nixon’s resignation*
  19. President Gerald Ford*
  20. President Jimmy Carter*
  21. the energy crisis of the 1970s*
  22. Stagflation*
  23. the Camp David Accords
  24. the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan*
  25. the Carter Doctrine
  26. the Iranian hostage crisis*
  27. the election of 1980*

Chapter 32

  1. President Ronald Reagan*
  2. Reagan Democrats*
  3. James Watt
  4. Sandra Day O’Connor
  5. Reaganomics*
  6. supply-side economics*
  7. the 1981 tax cuts*
  8. the recession of the early 1980s
  9. the Reagan Doctrine*
  10. the invasion of Grenada
  11. the contra war in Nicaragua*
  12. the Iran-contra scandal*
  13. the Lebanese crisis of 1982–1983
  14. Mikhail S. Gorbachev*
  15. perestroika and glasnost*
  16. the AIDS epidemic
  17. President George Herbert Walker Bush
  18. the collapse of communism in Eastern Europe*
  19. the Tiananmen Square Massacre
  20. F. W. DeKlerk and Nelson Mandela
  21. the disintegration of the Soviet Union*
  22. General Manuel Noriega
  23. Operation Desert Storm*


Chapter 33

  1. the Los Angeles riots of 1992
  2. President Bill Clinton
  3. Ross Perot
  4. healthcare reform
  5. the “Contract with America”
  6. the congressional elections of 1994
  7. ethnic wars in the Balkans
  8. the Oklahoma City bombing
  9. the Whitewater investigation
  10. the Monica Lewinsky affair
  11. the impeachment and acquittal of President Clinton
  12. Osama bin Laden and Al Qaeda
  13. the digital revolution
  14. the Presidential election of 2000
  15. September 11, 2001
  16. Afghanistan war
  17. Saddam Hussein
  18. Iraq War
  19. Abu Ghraib
  20. "No Child Left Behind"
  21. Hurricane Katrina
  22. sub-prime mortgages
  23. the economic recession that began in 2007
  24. Barack Obama